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Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 38:393-400 (2008)
© 2008 Association of Clinical Scientists

Case Report

Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus: A New Cause of Human Infection, Inducing Bacteremia in a Patient on Hemodialysis

Jie Ouyang1,*, Zhiheng Pei2,3,*, Larry Lutwick4, Sharvari Dalal1, Liying Yang3, Nicholas Cassai2, Kuldip Sandhu2, Bruce Hanna3, Rosemary L. Wieczorek1,2, Martin Bluth5 and Matthew R. Pincus1,2
1 Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; 2 Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, New York Harbor VA Medical Center, Brooklyn and New York, New York; 3 Department of Pathology, New York University Medical Center, New York, New York; 4 Department of Medicine, New York Harbor VA Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; and 5 Department of Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan

Address correspondence to Dr. Matthew R. Pincus, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, New York Harbor VA Medical Center, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA; tel 718 630 3688; fax 718 630 2960; e-mail matthew.pincus2{at}med.va.gov.

Paenibacilli are gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that are related to Bacilli but differ in the DNA encoding their 16S rRNA. Until recently, these organisms were not known to cause human disease. There are now several reports of human infection caused by a few members of this genus, most commonly by P. alvei. We report a human infection in a patient with a permacath for chronic hemodialysis who was found to have bacteremia caused by P. thiaminolyticus, which is an environmental bacterium that has never been found to cause human disease. We identified this bacterium by biochemical tests, cloning, sequencing the genomic DNA encoding its 16S rRNA, growth characteristics, and electron microscopic studies. This constitutes the first report of a human infection caused by this organism.

Keywords: Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus infection , hemodialysis, bacteremia, 16S rRNA




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