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Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 35:137-143 (2005)
© 2005 Association of Clinical Scientists

In Vivo Effect of Celecoxib and Tenoxicam on Oxidant/Anti-oxidant Status of Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Salih Ozgocmen1, Ozge Ardicoglu1, Hasan Erdogan2, Ersin Fadillioglu3 and Huseyin Gudul1
1 Division of Rheumatology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Firat University Faculty of Medicine, Elazig; 2 Department of Physiology, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat; 3 Department of Physiology, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey

Address correspondence to Salih Ozgocmen, M.D., Firat Universitesi, Tip Fakultesi Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Anabilim Dali, TR-23119, Elazig, Turkey; tel 90 424 233 3555; fax 90 424 248 0509; e-mail sozgocmen{at}hotmail.com.

The aim of this study was to compare the in vivo effects on free radical metabolism of 2 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): tenoxicam, an oxicam preferentially cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor, and celecoxib, a sulfonamide selective COX-2 inhibitor. The serum levels of oxidative stress-related enzymes (ie, xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)), of a lipid peroxidation marker (malondialdehyde (MDA)), and of nitric oxide (NO) in patients with knee osteoarthritis were studied at baseline and after a 4-wk course of treatment with celecoxib (n = 11) and tenoxicam (n = 12). Celecoxib-treated patients had significant decrease in nitrite levels (p = 0.043), whereas SOD, XO, GSH-Px enzyme activities, and MDA levels did not change significantly compared to baseline. Tenoxicam-treated patients had significant decrease in nitrite levels (p = 0.036) and XO activity (p = 0.01), but their SOD, GSH-Px enzyme activities, and MDA levels were unchanged from baseline. There was significant correlation between the patients’ (n = 23) Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) LK3.0 Osteoarthritis Index, WOMAC-pain scores, and MDA levels (r = 0.50, p = 0.014) and the patients’ WOMAC-stiffness scores and XO enzyme activity (r = 0.46, p = 0.027) at baseline. Significant improvement was found in pain-VAS, patients’ global assessment, and WOMAC pain, stiffness, and physical function scores in celecoxib and tenoxicam-treated groups. In summary, our study revealed that tenoxicam may have antioxidant effects, and that celecoxib and tenoxicam may reduce nitrite levels, indicating an alteration of NO pathways.

Keywords: osteoarthritis, celecoxib, tenoxicam, oxidative stress, free radicals, nitric oxide






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