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Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 35:37-45 (2005)
© 2005 Association of Clinical Scientists

Free Radical Scavenging, DNA Protection, and Inhibition of Lipid Peroxidation Mediated by Uric Acid

Beth Stinefelt1, Stephen S. Leonard2, Kenneth P. Blemings1, Xianglin Shi2 and Hillar Klandorf1
1 Division of Animal and Veterinary Science, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia2 Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia

Address correspondence to Kenneth P. Blemings, Ph.D., West Virginia University, P.O. Box 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; tel 304 293 2631; fax 304 293 2232; e-mail kbleming{at}wvu.edu.

Uric acid (UA) has been proposed to be the dominant antioxidant in birds. The objective of this study was to investigate the quenching effect of varying concentrations of UA, including those found in avian plasma, on specific reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to determine the ability of UA to protect DNA and cellular membranes from ROS-mediated damage. Hydroxyl (•OH) and superoxide (O2•–) radicals were detected by electron spin resonance (ESR) and their presence was reduced following addition of UA (p <0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner. UA inhibited hydroxyl-mediated DNA damage, indicated by the presence of more precise, dense bands of {lambda} Hind III DNA after agarose gel electrophoresis and ethidium bromide staining (p <0.05). Lipid peroxidation of silica-exposed RAW 264.7 cell membranes was diminished (p <0.02) after addition of UA to the cell incubation mixture. These studies demonstrate that UA scavenges hydroxyl and superoxide radicals and protects against DNA damage and lipid peroxidation. These results indicate specific antioxidant protection that UA may afford birds against ROS-mediated damage.

Keywords: uric acid, oxidative stress, electron spin resonance, lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation






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