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Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 34:379-387 (2004)
© 2004 Association of Clinical Scientists

Brief Review

Advances in Therapy with Antileukotriene Drugs

Graziano Riccioni1, Carmine Di Ilio1, Pio Conti2, Theoharis C. Theoharides3 and Nicolantonio D’Orazio1
1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, Italy.2 Department of Oncology and Neuroscience, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, Italy.3 Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Address correspondence to Graziano Riccioni, M.D., via S. Moffa 61, CP 188, 71016 San Severo (FG), Italy; tel 39 333 636 6661; fax 39 882 371 735; e-mail: griccioni{at}hotmail.com.

Abstract

Evidence from clinical trials and experience derived from managing patients with asthma justify a broader role for leukotriene (LT) blockers in asthma management than that recommended by the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program and the NIH Heart, Lung and Blood Institute treatment guidelines. Many published clinical trials, reviews, and case reports have suggested important new applications of LT blockers (ie, montelukast, zafirlukast, pranlukast, and zileuton) in several diseases in which leukotrienes play a pathogenic role. These include paranasal sinus disease, allergic fungal sinusitis, migraine, chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic conjunctivitis, mastocytosis, bronchiolitis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial cystitis, and irritable bowel syndrome. Although double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm the effects that these drugs may have in these diseases, the aim of this short review is to delineate the future roles that these drugs may have in the management of these conditions.

Keywords: leukotriene, leukotriene receptor antagonists, sinusitis, migraine, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, allergic conjunctivitis, mastocytosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial cystitis, irritable bowel syndrome




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