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Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 34:347-354 (2004)
© 2004 Association of Clinical Scientists

Review

Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism in Northwestern Greece: Frequency and Effect on Lipid Parameters

Evagelos Liberopoulos1, George Miltiadous1, Marilena Hatzivassiliou2, Navsika Ayrton2, Eleni Bairaktari1, Marios Cariolou2 and Moses Elisaf1
1 Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece2 Molecular Genetics Department B-DNA Identification Laboratory, Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus

Address correspondence to Moses Elisaf MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, GR 451 10 Ioannina, Greece; tel 3026 510 97509; fax 3026 510 97016; e-mail: me00521{at}cc.uoi.gr.

Apolipoprotein (apo) E gene polymorphism and its effect on serum lipid parameters were examined in a Greek population originating from northwestern Greece (n = 555). The allele frequencies were {varepsilon}2: 6.3%, {varepsilon}3: 80.7%, and {varepsilon}4: 13.0%. The {varepsilon}4 allele frequency was higher in our population than was previously reported in individuals from other parts of Greece. ApoE polymorphism was associated with significant differences in serum lipid, and lipoprotein levels. Particularly, individuals with the {varepsilon}2 allele had higher serum triglyceride and apoE levels and lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apoB, compared to those with the alleles {varepsilon}3 and {varepsilon}4. However, the impact of the {varepsilon}4 allele on lipid parameters seen in other populations was not observed in our population. Furthermore, the combination of apoE polymorphism and serum apoE concentration explained a larger percentage of serum lipid variability than the polymorphism alone. In conclusion, the results of our study suggest that ethnic differences, as well as alterations of serum apoE levels, significantly modify the relationship between apoE gene polymorphism and serum lipid variability.

Keywords: apolipoprotein E, serum lipids, polymorphism, serum lipoproteins




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