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Annals of Clinical & Laboratory Science 34:175-180 (2004)
© 2004 Association of Clinical Scientists

Effect of Experimental Hyperhomocysteinemia on Cardiac Structure and Function in the Rat

Ernest Walker1, Jason Black2, Cordel Parris3, Elizabeth C. Bryda2, Silvestre Cansino3, Lisa Hunt3, Jean Chappell4, Paulette Wehner3, Mark Studeny3 and Gary L. Wright4
1 Departments of Pathology, 2 Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, 3 Cardiology, and 4 Physiology, The Joan Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, and St. Mary Medical Center, Huntington, West Virginia

Address correspondence to Gary L. Wright, Ph.D., Department of Physiology, The Joan Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25704, USA; tel 304 696 7368; fax 304 696 7381; e-mail wrightg{at}marshall.edu

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected for 2 weeks to daily injections of homocysteine (Hcy), which increased plasma Hcy approximately 2-fold. Echocardiography indicated significant increases in left ventricular diastolic (13%) and systolic (31%) dimensions and decreases in posterior wall thickness (diastolic, –17%; systolic, –20%) in Hcy-treated animals. Slight changes were noted in the ejection fraction, systolic fractional shortening, and maximal aortic valvular blood flow velocity, but they were not statistically significant or were similar to those in vehicle controls. The results suggest that an initial effect of Hcy administration involves loss of myocardial structure without a direct influence on myocardial contractile function. Consistent with this conclusion, in vitro evaluation of the myocardial ring contractile response showed no significant difference in left ventricular maximal isometric force between the control (13.9 ± 2.7 g/g tissue) and Hcyinjected (11.0 ± 2.8 g/g tissue) animals.

Keywords: echocardiography, myocardial contractility, homocysteine, cardiac remodeling




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