Acute and chronic toxic nephropathies

Toxic nephropathies manifest morphologically as glomerulonephritides, vasculitides, tubular necrosis, and acute or chronic tubulointerstitial disease. The most common toxicity is acute interstitial nephritis owing to hypersensitivity. However, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and necrotizing angiitis secondary to heroin abuse, membranous glomerulopathy owing to gold, penicillamine and captopril, thrombotic microangiopathy associated with mitomycin and tubular necrosis owing to cyclosporine A, cisplatin, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins are also reviewed. The mechanisms of toxicity are poorly understood in most cases, but hypotheses related to cyclosporine A, cisplatin, gold, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, intravenous narcotics, sulfonamides, and methotrexate are summarized.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				D. M. Fine, N. Garg, M. Haas, M. H. Rahman, G. M. Lucas, P. J. Scheel, and M. G. Atta Cocaine Use and Hypertensive Renal Changes in HIV-Infected Individuals Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., November 1, 2007; 2(6): 1125 - 1130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Jaffe and P. L. Kimmel Chronic Nephropathies of Cocaine and Heroin Abuse: A Critical Review Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., July 1, 2006; 1(4): 655 - 667. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]